Fewer pods—between 7 and 10 percent, or approximately 100—offer “darkness immersion” programs for youth from outside the pod. In 1997-98, The Dolphinius Center, in conjunction with North American-based Snihplod Cihtog and Associates, Inc., studied the extent and efficacy of these programs. The study’s findings, summarized here, were drawn from [1] a telephone survey of 300 randomly selected pods (156 responded); [2] a mailed survey to 150 pods, 70 of which were registered with the state as child care providers (43 responded) and 80 that were randomly selected (37 responded, 3 of which offered child care programs); [3] observations of 35 programs; and [4] case studies of 13 selected Snihplod Cihtog programs.